Diabetes: A Common Endocrine Disorder Diabetes is the most common endocrine disease and is a clinical syndrome characterized by abnormal hyperglycemia resulting from insulin deficiency or resistance. Clinically, diabetes is one of the major risk factors for various complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Due to various reasons, including the growing global population, the prevalence of obesity, and physical inactivity, the number of individuals with diabetes is steadily increasing.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a type of tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in various cancers and contributes to the growth of solid tumors. The physiological function of EGFR involves regulating epithelial tissue growth and homeostasis, and in certain cancers, it can act as a tumorigenic driver.

Food Safety and Health Food safety and health is a major concern for consumers. Today, artificial sweeteners are approved additives in food and beverages. One of these artificial sweeteners is Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone (NHDC), which has previously been studied in vitro for its effect as an activator of alpha-amylase enzyme.

Wound Dressing Selection A dressing is chosen based on the type, depth, location, and extent of the wound, as well as the level of exudate, infection, and adherence. Dressings are divided into two categories: traditional and modern. Traditional wound dressings (e.g., cotton and gauze) absorb a significant amount of moisture from the wound, which can severely dry out the wound surface, leading to reduced healing speed and pain during dressing removal.